一、鹽霧測試的標準

是一種主要利用鹽霧試驗設備所創造的人工模擬鹽霧環境條件來考核產品或金屬材料耐腐蝕性能的環境試驗。它分為二大類，一類為天然環境暴露試驗，另一類為人工加速模擬鹽霧環境試驗。人工模擬鹽霧環境試驗是利用一種具有一定容積空間的試驗設備——鹽霧試驗機，在其容積空間內用人工的方法，造成鹽霧環境來對產品的耐鹽霧腐蝕性能質量進行考核。它與天然環境相比，其鹽霧環境的氯化物的鹽濃度，可以是一般天然環境鹽霧含量的幾倍或幾十倍，使腐蝕速度大大提高，對產品進行鹽霧試驗，得出結果的時間也大大縮短。如在天然暴露環境下對某產品樣品進行試驗，待其腐蝕可能要1年，而在人工模擬鹽霧環境條件下試驗，只要24小時，即可得到相似的結果。

二、鹽霧測試有哪些方法

1、交變鹽霧(wu)(wu)試驗是(shi)一種(zhong)綜合(he)鹽霧(wu)(wu)試驗，它實際上(shang)是(shi)中性(xing)(xing)鹽霧(wu)(wu)試驗加恒定濕熱試驗。它主(zhu)要用于空(kong)腔型的整機(ji)產品(pin)，通過潮(chao)態環境(jing)(jing)的滲透，使鹽霧(wu)(wu)腐蝕不但在(zai)產品(pin)表面(mian)產生，也在(zai)產品(pin)內部產生。它是(shi)將產品(pin)在(zai)鹽霧(wu)(wu)和濕熱兩種(zhong)環境(jing)(jing)條件下交替轉換，最后考(kao)核(he)整機(ji)產品(pin)的電性(xing)(xing)能和機(ji)械(xie)性(xing)(xing)能有無(wu)變化(hua)。

2、中(zhong)性鹽(yan)霧(wu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)（NSS試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)）是出(chu)現最早(zao)目前應用領域最廣的(de)一種加速腐蝕試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)方法。它采用5%的(de)氯化鈉鹽(yan)水溶液(ye)，溶液(ye)PH值調在中(zhong)性范(fan)圍（6～7）作為(wei)噴霧(wu)用的(de)溶液(ye)。試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)溫度均取35℃，要求鹽(yan)霧(wu)的(de)沉降率在1~2ml/80cm².h之間。

3、醋(cu)酸(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)霧(wu)試(shi)驗（ASS試(shi)驗）是在(zai)中(zhong)性鹽(yan)霧(wu)試(shi)驗的(de)(de)基(ji)礎上發展起來(lai)的(de)(de)。它是在(zai)5%氯化(hua)鈉溶液(ye)中(zhong)加(jia)入一(yi)些冰醋(cu)酸(suan)(suan)，使溶液(ye)的(de)(de)PH值降(jiang)為3左右，溶液(ye)變(bian)(bian)成酸(suan)(suan)性，最(zui)后(hou)形成的(de)(de)鹽(yan)霧(wu)也由中(zhong)性鹽(yan)霧(wu)變(bian)(bian)成酸(suan)(suan)性。它的(de)(de)腐蝕速度(du)要比NSS試(shi)驗快3倍左右。

4、 銅鹽(yan)(yan)加速(su)醋酸鹽(yan)(yan)霧試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)（CASS試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)）是國外(wai)新近發展起來的(de)一種快速(su)鹽(yan)(yan)霧腐(fu)蝕試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)，試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)溫度為(wei)50℃，鹽(yan)(yan)溶液(ye)中加入少量(liang)銅鹽(yan)(yan)—氯(lv)化銅，強(qiang)烈(lie)誘(you)發腐(fu)蝕。它的(de)腐(fu)蝕速(su)度大約是NSS試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)的(de)8倍(bei)。

三、鹽霧測試結果的判定

標準是(shi)(shi)對(dui)重(zhong)復性(xing)(xing)事物和概述所做(zuo)(zuo)的(de)統一規定。鹽霧(wu)(wu)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)標準是(shi)(shi)對(dui)鹽霧(wu)(wu)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)條件(jian)，如(ru)溫(wen)度(du)(du)、濕度(du)(du)、氯(lv)化鈉溶液(ye)濃度(du)(du)和PH值(zhi)等做(zuo)(zuo)的(de)明確(que)具體規定，另外(wai)還對(dui)鹽霧(wu)(wu)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)箱性(xing)(xing)能(neng)提出(chu)技術要求。同種(zhong)產(chan)品采(cai)用那種(zhong)鹽霧(wu)(wu)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)標準要根(gen)據鹽霧(wu)(wu)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)特性(xing)(xing)和金(jin)屬的(de)腐(fu)蝕速度(du)(du)及對(dui)鹽霧(wu)(wu)的(de)敏感程度(du)(du)選(xuan)擇。下面介紹幾個(ge)鹽霧(wu)(wu)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)標準，如(ru)GB/T2423.17—1993《電工(gong)電子產(chan)品基本環(huan)境試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)規程 試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)Ka：鹽霧(wu)(wu)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)法》，GB/T2423.18—2000《電工(gong)電子產(chan)品環(huan)境試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan) 第(di)2部分：試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan) 試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)Kb：鹽霧(wu)(wu)，交(jiao)變（氯(lv)化鈉溶液(ye)）》，GB5938—86《輕工(gong)產(chan)品金(jin)屬鍍層和化學處(chu)理(li)層的(de)耐腐(fu)蝕試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)法》，GB/T1771—91《色漆和清(qing)漆 耐中性(xing)(xing)鹽霧(wu)(wu)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)的(de)測定》。

鹽(yan)霧(wu)(wu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)為了考(kao)核(he)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)或金屬(shu)(shu)材料的(de)(de)(de)耐鹽(yan)霧(wu)(wu)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)，而(er)鹽(yan)霧(wu)(wu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)結果判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)正是(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)宣判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)，它(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)結果是(shi)否正確(que)合(he)(he)(he)理，是(shi)正確(que)衡量(liang)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)或金屬(shu)(shu)抗(kang)鹽(yan)霧(wu)(wu)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)關鍵。鹽(yan)霧(wu)(wu)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)結果的(de)(de)(de)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法有：評(ping)級(ji)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)法、稱(cheng)重(zhong)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)法、腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)出(chu)現(xian)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)法、腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)數據統計分(fen)(fen)析法。評(ping)級(ji)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)法是(shi)把腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)面積與總面積之比的(de)(de)(de)百分(fen)(fen)數按一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法劃分(fen)(fen)成幾個級(ji)別(bie)，以某一(yi)(yi)個級(ji)別(bie)作(zuo)為合(he)(he)(he)格判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)依據，它(ta)(ta)適合(he)(he)(he)平板樣(yang)品(pin)(pin)進(jin)行(xing)評(ping)價；稱(cheng)重(zhong)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)法是(shi)通過對(dui)(dui)(dui)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)前(qian)后(hou)樣(yang)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)量(liang)進(jin)行(xing)稱(cheng)重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法，計算出(chu)受腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)損失(shi)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)量(liang)來對(dui)(dui)(dui)樣(yang)品(pin)(pin)耐腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)進(jin)行(xing)評(ping)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)，它(ta)(ta)特別(bie)適用于對(dui)(dui)(dui)某種(zhong)金屬(shu)(shu)耐腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)進(jin)行(xing)考(kao)核(he)；腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)物(wu)出(chu)現(xian)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)法是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)性的(de)(de)(de)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)法，它(ta)(ta)以鹽(yan)霧(wu)(wu)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)后(hou)，產(chan)品(pin)(pin)是(shi)否產(chan)生腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)象來對(dui)(dui)(dui)樣(yang)品(pin)(pin)進(jin)行(xing)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)，一(yi)(yi)般產(chan)品(pin)(pin)標準(zhun)中(zhong)大多采用此方(fang)(fang)(fang)法；腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)數據統計分(fen)(fen)析方(fang)(fang)(fang)法提供了設計腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)、分(fen)(fen)析腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)數據、確(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)數據的(de)(de)(de)置信度(du)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法，它(ta)(ta)主要用于分(fen)(fen)析、統計腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)情況(kuang)，而(er)不(bu)是(shi)具(ju)體(ti)用于某一(yi)(yi)具(ju)體(ti)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)判(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。

文章總結：以上內容是國洋彈簧廠整理(li)關于鹽(yan)霧測(ce)試的標準(zhun)及作用的相關知識，希望對你有所(suo)了解。